How letter-to-GPA conversion works
A coded representation of a percentage range. A is roughly 90-100%, B is 80-89%, C is 70-79%, D is 60-69%, F is anything below. The pluses and minuses split each letter into three sub-bands: A− is the bottom of the A range (90-92%), A is the middle (93-96%), A+ is the top (97-100%).
The conversion to GPA points is fixed: each letter maps to a single number on the 4.0 scale. The only math is the credit-weighted average: (Σ letter-point × credits) ÷ Σ credits. The calculator above does this live as you type.
- Scale used
- Unweighted 4.0 (A = 4.0, A+ = 4.0)
- Formula
- Σ (points × credits) ÷ Σ credits
- A+ on this scale
- 4.0 (same as A — no bonus)
- Lowest passing
- D− = 0.7 (F = 0.0)
Full conversion table
The 4.0 scale is the US default. Use this for unweighted GPA — the version most college admissions offices recalculate to.
| Letter | Percentage range | GPA points |
|---|---|---|
| A+ / A | 93-100% | 4.0 |
| A− | 90-92% | 3.7 |
| B+ | 87-89% | 3.3 |
| B | 83-86% | 3.0 |
| B− | 80-82% | 2.7 |
| C+ | 77-79% | 2.3 |
| C | 73-76% | 2.0 |
| C− | 70-72% | 1.7 |
| D+ | 67-69% | 1.3 |
| D | 65-66% | 1.0 |
| D− | 60-64% | 0.7 |
| F | below 60% | 0.0 |
Worked example
Four classes in a semester: English (A, 3 cr), Calculus (B+, 4 cr), Chemistry (A−, 4 cr), History (B, 3 cr).
English A × 3 = 4.0 × 3 = 12.0
Calculus B+ × 4 = 3.3 × 4 = 13.2
Chemistry A- × 4 = 3.7 × 4 = 14.8
History B × 3 = 3.0 × 3 = 9.0
----
quality points 49.0
credits 14
GPA = 49.0 / 14 = 3.50When letter-to-GPA breaks down
- 4.3 scale (Columbia GS, some grad programs): A+ = 4.3, otherwise same. Multiply this calculator's result by ~1.075 if all your A's are actually A+'s, or use the school's calculator directly.
- Weighted high school GPA: AP and honors add bonus points (+1.0, +0.5). Use the weighted GPA calculator instead.
- LSAC / law school GPA: Uses a 4.33 scale with no grade replacement (every attempt counts). Use the LSAC GPA calculator.
- Percentage grades from non-US schools: Convert to letters first, or use the percentage to GPA calculator.
What to do with the number
Once you have the GPA, you can compare it against benchmarks: a GPA scale guide shows what each range means in practice. If you are aiming for a specific target — Dean's List, scholarship cutoff, transfer requirement — the GPA goal calculator works backwards to tell you what you need next semester. And if you want to see how each letter affects the overall, the cumulative GPA calculator handles multi-semester running averages.